Probably the easiest and most effective way to grow small numbers of new plants is by means of division. Take care not to expose these cuttings to frost if possible. Take single-bud rhizome cuttings and plant these out in late winter for best results. You can also grow these plants from cuttings. Although these plants grow slowly from seed, they can be sown in the fall. Ruscus plants can be grown from seed, cuttings, or by division. aculeatus may occasionally be self-fertile, however, and some varieties will produce plenty of berries without fertilization from another plant. Ruscus plants are usually dioecious, which means that the species have separate male and female plants. Interestingly, the flowers and fruits of Ruscus plants are borne in the middle of the upper cladode surfaces. On female plants, these flowers mature into glossy red berries. The butcher’s-broom flowers in spring (April to May) and produces tiny greenish-white flowers that are 1/16 inch (1.5 mm) in size. This form grows larger, reaching 4ft (1.2 m) in height. ‘Wheelers Variety’ is another upright form of Ruscus aculeatus that produces large red berries.These bright fruits provide showy winter color in the garden. This is an upright form that is able to produce a large number of fruits without fertilization from other plants. ‘Elizabeth Lawrence’ is a dwarf variety of the butcher’s-broom that grows to about 2ft (0.6 m) tall and 2ft (0.6 m) wide.The mouse thorn has a smaller distribution and originates from Central Europe, south to Northern Turkey. The butcher’s-broom grows to about 3 ft (0.9 m) in height and 3 ft (0.9 m) across, while the mouse thorn is the smaller plant reaching about 18 inches (46 cm) in height.īutcher’s broom is native to Southern Europe, southwestern Asia, and northwestern Africa. These plants do also have tiny leaves though. These structures are modified stems that do the work of leaves, performing the function of photosynthesis. Interestingly, what appears to be leaves on these plants are, in fact, phylloclades (also known as cladodes). hypoglossum), which is also known as the mouse thorn or horse tongue lily. aculeatus) and the spineless butcher’s-broom ( R. Two Ruscus species are popular garden plants, namely the Butcher’s-broom ( R. These plants are shrub-like but lack woody growth and can be referred to as evergreen perennials. These plants are native to the northwestern parts of Africa, Europe, and Western Asia. Ruscus plants are part of the Asparagaceae family. Read on to learn more about growing and caring for these unusual plants. Are you looking for an interesting, compact evergreen for a shady area? Ruscus species like the butcher’s-broom are great, low-maintenance evergreens for areas where other plants may struggle to grow.
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But jumping cats are not the main threat that hummingbirds face. Tip 9: Hummingbird feeder must be placed away from catsĬan can jump quite high. Thank you for supporting this website with your purchases! I like the smaller Ruby model (Amazon affiliate link). Looking for a hummingbird feeder? I have personally been enjoying the easy-to-clean More Birds brand hummingbird feeder. They will hang there empty or with cloudy nectar that the hummingbirds refuse to drink. If it is hard to take them down, then you won't. Feeders will empty and need cleaned every 3-5 days in summer.Ĭlean hummingbird feeders are essential to attract lots of hummingbirds. Wherever you hang your hummingbird feeders, it should be easy and convenient to reach. Tip 8: Hummingbird feeders must be easy to get down to clean and refill Better, open the window, if possible for your own personal hummingbird photo blind. Photographing hummingbirds through a window often distorts the image slightly. It should be out maybe 5 or 6 feet away from the window and perhaps a bit to the west edge of the window. So to photograph hummingbirds in the morning sun, place the feeder on the south side of your house. If you hang a feeder right outside the window, the hummingbird will either be in the shade or be a silhouette looking right into the sun. You want them with sunlight on them from the front. To photograph hummingbirds at your feeder you want them close. Tip 7: Photographing hummingbirds at feeders You should check out that article for more ideas about this topic specifically. I wrote another whole article on where to hang a hummingbird feeder, in sun or shade. Hummingbirds may be cold in the morning and want to feed in the warm sun.Īfternoon sun can cause the nectar to go bad more quickly. Tip 5: Hummingbird feeder placement: morning sun, afternoon shade What about the evening? What room will you be in? The window for that room will be another good location for a feeder. Where will you be looking outside during the early part of the day? That's the best place to put the feeder. But that may not be the best place to see the feeder from inside your home. Many people hang the hummingbird feeder at a location where there is already a hook. The purpose of a hummingbird feeder is to attract hummingbirds into view! Tip 4: Hang the hummingbird feeder where you can see it! The best part is, you can place this swing where you'll have a good view from your home! Place the perch within 5 or 6 feet of the feeder and the dominant hummingbird will sit there all day when not chasing other hummingbirds. You can even add a perch, called a hummingbird swing(link takes you to Amazon). The more hummingbirds at the feeder the less successful is this bully bird at chasing any single one of the birds away. There is always a dominant hummingbird at a feeder that chases the others away. It can be a tree branch, fence line, wire, or bird feeder pole.įrom there this bird chases away any interlopers. He or she usually chooses a perch high up with a commanding view. The dominant hummingbird keeps vigilant watch over the feeder. Tip 3: Hummingbirds like a tall survey perch nearby If safety is too far away the hummingbirds may not visit the feeder regularly, or stay for long. So they are safe from predators, hang hummingbird feeders near a bush or tree where they can take cover.Įven if your feeders are placed out in the middle of the lawn, they should still be near some protective cover. Tip 2: Set up hummingbird feeders within 10-15 feet of cover You may also place bright red, orange, and yellow ribbons or decorations to attract hummingbirds to your yard. Once hummingbirds are visiting regularly, you may move them to a more secluded or shaded location. Thus, any passing hummingbirds will see your feeders and come to them to drink. Tip 1: Hummingbird feeders should be easy for the birds to findĮspecially first thing in the spring, your feeders should be highly visible. Part 1: Considerations for hummingbird feeder placement The second part of the article discusses specific physical structures from which to hang your hummingbird feeders. The first part discusses in general where hummingbird feeders should be placed within your landscaping to provide the safest feeder for the hummingbirds and the most joy for you. Now, you probably didn’t need to be reminded of all of this. The answer to this question is, of course, the familiar p-value. Or – by asking, “if the null hypothesis really were true, how likely is it that I’d see a value for my test statistic that’s as extreme (or more extreme) than what I’ve actually observed here (again, taking into account the assumptions about the underlying population and the sampling method that was used). If not, we would not reject the null hypothesis. If it is surprising, we would reject the null hypothesis.Then, we ask – “if in fact the null hypothesis were actually true, is the value of our test statistic “surprising”, or not?.Typically, this estimator would have to be transformed ( e.g., “standardized”) to make it “pivotal” – that is, having a sampling distribution that does not depend on any other unknown parameters. Usually, this would be a statistic that had already been found to be a “good” estimator of the parameter under test. We combine the sample values into a single statistic.For example, we might use simple random sampling, so that all sample values are mutually independent of each other. Then we take a carefully constructed sample from the population of interest.We call this the “alternative hypothesis”. We also state clearly what situation will prevail if the hypothesis to be tested is not true.We want to test the validity of statement (“null hypothesis”) about a parameter associated with a well-defined underlying population.The whole procedure would have been presented, more or less, along the following lines: It would have just been “statistical hypothesis testing”. It probably wasn’t described to you in so many words. I’m sure that the first exposure that you had to this was actually in terms of “classical”, Neyman-Pearson, testing. When you took your first course in economic statistics, or econometrics, no doubt you encountered some of the basic concepts associated with testing hypotheses. This might seem a bit redundant, but it will help us to see how permutation tests differ from the sort of tests that we usually use in econometrics. Let’s begin with some background discussion to set the scene. Introduction to Design and Analysis of Experiments (George W.Permutation tests, which I’ll be discussing in this post, aren’t that widely used by econometricians. In any case, I just hope that at some point you found yourself muttering aloud to yourself, "Woah, statistics is kind of cool." To which I'd respond yes, anonymous reader - you're damn right it is. But I hope it was helpful in explaining the permutation test, and, more broadly, for communicating that statistical testing involves more than just memorizing formulae. This was not an exhaustive treatment of the statistical testing, some things were left out. Construct approximate test-statistic distribution. Determine & calculate the initial test-statistic.Ģ). To recap, the algorithm comprises three steps:ġ). So that's the permutation test, or at least my attempt at explaining it. In what follows, I present a visual explanation for the permutation test: an awesome nonparametric test that is light on assumptions, widely applicable, and very intuitive. This is especially true of those methods taught in introductory courses, giving the false impression that experimental design is boring and unintuitive.īut fret not, my valued reader - not all tests are so bad! Unfortunately, a lot of statistical tests require complex assumptions and convoluted formula. * Proof that, yes, statistics is definitely very sexy. this blue vs this blue) is most effective for outgoing links.Īnd entomologists use them to study the sex habits of flies Google uses them to determine which color of blue (e.g. They are employed in a large number of contexts: Oncologists use them to measure the efficacy of new treatment options for cancer. Statistical tests, also known as hypothesis tests, are used in the design of experiments to measure the effect of some treatment(s) on experimental units. March 2019 By Jared Wilber The Permutation TestĪ Visual Explanation of Statistical Testing No offense meant to Vividere, but the fact that such a group purchase was allowed, coupled with the fact your profile shows 0/0 hides/finds, and your business website, it's gonna raise a few eyebrows, as well it should. Nowhere did it state that group purchases such as Vividere suggested were allowed, nor mention of limited support for such purchases. The red flag went up for me after checking out Īnd only seeing licensing info for Personal, Family, Small Business, Corporate, Government, and School purchases. You might want to update your licensing page to reflect this, Dan. TopoGrafix: GPS Software, Waypoints, and Maps (And if your Geocaching club wants to raffle off a copy of ExpertGPS at their next picnic, just ask!)įeel free to contact me if you have any further questions about group purchases of ExpertGPS. There are some very active local Geocaching clubs out there, and I'd be thrilled to arrange group discounts for their members. If you're willing to accept some limits on the technical support you receive, a group purchase is a great way to get the software. The bottom line: I don't want anyone to feel that they can't have access to the tools in ExpertGPS because of the price. I wasn't aware that he was planning to organize a group over the Geocaching forums, but I'll stick by my initial statement to him and honor any group discount he can arrange. In this case, Lew contacted me by email and asked if he could put together a group purchase. If you have a question about the software or need assistance, you need to go to your license contact for support. In addition, the license contact is the person in charge of coordinating technical support for the group. The license contact is responsible for collecting the money, submitting the payment, and distributing the group license. One person is the contact person for the group. There are some restrictions on group license purchases. In some cases, an individual has rounded up a few friends with similar interests to form a group for the singular purpose of buying ExpertGPS. Some are local geocaching, hunting, or 4x4 clubs. Many groups have taken advantage of this pricing to get ExpertGPS at a reduced price for their members. TopoGrafix offers discounts for group purchases of ExpertGPS. Since a number of people asked for my policy on group discounts, here it is. You can never be sure that Rhino 7 enhancement pills are safe or effective. If Sildenafil is present in Rhino 7 enhancement pills, it is never stated what the dosage is and what it may have been adulterated with. Sildenafil does work to treat ED, but it is prescribed at safe doses and with precautions taken. Find tested and perfectly matched performance parts & accessories. This is the active ingredient found in Viagra. 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If you promote a Pin that has tagged products in it, it will be converted to a collections ad and the previously tagged products will show up below the product Pin. When people see products tagged in your posts, they can click or tap. Note: Product tags are not available on ads. You can tag products from your shop in photos and videos posted on your Facebook Page. You can tag products while creating a post or tag products in an existing post. When people see products tagged in your posts, they can click or tap on those tags to start shopping. Note: To delete a collection or promotion feature, you can remove the call-to-action button from the post or remove the product tags on the. You can tag products from your shop in photos and videos posted on your Facebook Page. Tap the tag or feature that you want to delete and then tap X above the tag. You can then promote it as a collections ad for people on Pinterest to browse. 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Some of these options may only be available to account owners above a certain age. the Emblem single-vineyard Cabernet Sauvignon from our Oso vineyard in Napa Valley - made by our family –- that sells for $50 a bottle and the Emblem Napa Valley Cabernet that is $25 a bottle. to introduce the M by Michael Mondavi Cabernet Sauvignon, which sells for $200 a bottle in the U.S. I recently returned from a 10-day trip to Austria, Germany, and the U.K. Yes, value is probably one of the most important words today in all business. Is there an appreciation today that it’s not just a matter of price when it comes to value? There has been a conscious trade down by consumers from drinking very expensive wines and going out to more expensive restaurants to doing that less frequently. Wine shops have been increasing, but modestly. Our main customers are the restaurants and finer wine shops, and the hotel and restaurant business has been very soft the past couple of years. The impact of the economy has been felt by all of us. Did you see a major impact on the company as a result of the economic downturn? Founded in 2004 by the Michael Mondavi family, Folio provides sales, marketing, and public relations services to wine brands from California, Argentina, Italy, Austria, and Spain. Napa, California-based Folio Fine Wine Partners ( is an importer, fine wine agency, and producer of quality wines from the world’s premier and emerging wine regions. Mondavi is a member of the California State Chamber of Commerce Board, past Chairman and CEO of the Wine Market Council, past President of the Napa Valley Vintners Association, and past Chairman of Wine Institute and of Winegrowers of California. Michael Mondavi established Folio Fine Wine Partners in 2004 with his wife, Isabel, and their children, Rob and Dina. He was named Managing Director and CEO of Robert Mondavi in 1990, and following the company’s public offering in 1993, he was appointed President and CEO, and later served as Chairman from 2001 to 2004. Until 1974, he served as Vice President of Production, and from 1969 to 1978, he also served as Vice President of Sales. The Carneros Chardonnay is an expressive, approachable, fruit-forward wine with notes of caramelized white pear, fresh Fuji and Golden Delicious apple, and torched crème brûlée.Michael Mondavi’s career began in 1966 when he cofounded the Robert Mondavi Winery in Napa Valley with his father, Robert. The Sauvignon Blanc is partially fermented in barrel, adding body and texture to the vibrant green apple, kiwi, pear and melon fruit flavors. The Merlot shows textbook plum and black currant flavors and silky texture. Oberon Cabernet Sauvignon is a classic Napa Cabernet with deep, rich color and concentrated blackberry and cassis flavors. For Oberon, Tony selects Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay grapes throughout Napa’s finest winegrowing regions, including Oakville, Oak Knoll, Yountville, Chiles Valley and Capell Valley.īy layering together structured hillside fruit, plush fruit from the alluvial valley floor and fruit sourced from diverse soils within the valley, Tony crafts quintessential Napa Valley wines: complex, flavorful wines with ample natural acidity. He is able to draw on those friendships to reliably obtain top quality fruit at a fair price year after year. Tony’s life-long relationships with grape growers throughout the Napa Valley are the key to Oberon’s quality. Having grown up in Napa Valley and worked in the wine industry for over 45 years, Coltrin knows every corner of the valley and precisely which sub-zones excel at producing Bordeaux grapes of exceptional character. Helena and is a lifelong Napa Valley resident. With cold outreach, it's a good idea to stop at some point (6-7th email), while with warm leads, you can send an infinite number of unopened emails until the recipient unsubscribes. In the U.S., it's normal to send 7 follow up sales emails, in the EU, it's 4, and in Japan, it's even less and less frequent. You might need 10-13 follow-ups in enterprise sales, and only 1-2 make sense in link-building and journalist outreach. Here is the Yesware data, e.g., you have a 30% likelihood to get a reply on the first email and 10% - on the 8th email.ĭetermine how many follow-ups will fit your audience With each next sales follow-up email, the likelihood decreases. The first email is more likely to be answered. In this case, it turns out that it is more cost-effective to outreach new prospects than to follow up. You have a market of millions of potential clients/partners/you name it. Here are some considerations to keep in mind when planning your follow-ups:Īdopt a number of follow-ups for your audienceįollow-ups aren't worth the effort in some cases They aren’t the right person in the company and aren’t motivated to redirect you.Ī follow-up email is a message you send after you’ve already contacted a person, though you didn’t reach your goal from the first email (a reply, a meeting, a decision, etc.) How to send a follow-up email The email isn’t urgent, and they put it off. They expect you will sell something and avoid it. The subject line is boring and looks spammy. So they’ll ignore even the perfect follow up email. They basically skip emails on a certain subject. They basically ignore all cold emails - you should test other channels or contact their colleagues. They understood the need to read the email later in detail, marked it unread, then procrastinated, and finally deleted it. When they came back, your email was hidden under many new ones. They opened your first message, started reading, and then got distracted. Missed the first email among the piles of others in their inbox. Below we collected a few reasons, so you don't feel embarrassed or think you'll sound aggressive with your business email follow up. We often struggle to get responses from popular guys who are correspondingly busy. What causes prospects to ignore your email Here are 6 email follow-up scenarios with some tips you can adapt to your own situation. Put yourself in the recipient's shoes and consider what might be relevant. The following up process is all about getting a reply. When you are going to ping someone, it is a good idea to access the context and make informed decisions about the content you send. The emails may be of any length and follow up phrases, though they should feel human and relevant. You probably have already heard that by contacting prospects only once, you cut at least 50% of available options.Įven when people understand the cold email follow-up is essential, they don’t always remember that 6 follow-ups is ≠ 6 identical messages in a row like «just checking in… have you read my message». There are numerous explanations for this, from distractions to vacation/sick leave. If someone ignores your message, it absolutely doesn’t mean, by default, they refuse to work with you. However, it's a product of the dairy industry, which is detrimental to the planet and commonly associated with animal welfare concerns. The former is added to shampoo for its ability to restructure, protect, and revitalize hair. Other animal ingredients often found in shampoo include milk protein and bee products, like honey. 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